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Modern pentathlon is made up of four events combining five sports Due to the diverse nature of the sports involved, modern pentathlon is an extremely demanding sport that pushes athletes to their mental and physical limits and requires an exceptional variety of skills. 

Fencing is split into two rounds: a ranking round in which each athlete competes using an epee sword against each other athlete in a bout lasting one minute or until the first hit, and a second round based on the results of the first round. The format of the second round is direct elimination, with each bout lasting 1minute or up to 5hits. Points are scored for winning each bout and points may be deducted for various infringements.  Athletes wear protective clothing and masks.  Fencing
freestyle swimmer taking a breath Swimming is a 200m freestyle event.  A set time earns 250 pentathlon points, and every 0.5 seconds faster or slower than the set time is worth +/- 1 pentathlon point. 
Obstacle Course Racing (OCR)* is a head to head competition in which athletes race against the clock to navigate a series of obstacles over 70m, ending with a warp wall A set time earns 250 pentathlon points, and every 0.33 seconds faster or slower than the set time is worth +/- 1 pentathlon point.  Kayla swinging between wheels in OCR course
Amalie lining up the sights of her laser pistol towards the camera The Laser Run combines running and shooting, where athletes alternate between running a 600m lap and shooting at a target with a laser pistol from up to 10m. Athletes must hit the target 5 times (or wait 50 seconds) before running the next lap. Four rounds total 20 hits and 3,000m of running. A set time earns 500 pentathlon points, with each second faster or slower impacting the score by +/- 1 point. The event is held last, with athletes starting based on their scores from fencing, swimming, and OCR, with a delay corresponding to their point difference from the leader.

While riding is no longer a component of UIPM events, it has always been an integral discipline of Modern Pentathlon, and Pony Club Tetrathlon has been a major pathway sport for pentathletes for many years and continues to be so. As such Pentathlon events with riding will still operate in Victoria.

Riding is a show jumping event, requiring athletes to ride a horse around a showjumping course of up to 1.1m in height within a set time.  Traditionally, athletes draw an unfamiliar horse from a pool provided by the organisers and have just 20 minutes to warm up and get to know the horse before they compete A clear round within the set time earns 300 pentathlon points Points are deducted for finishing outside the set time, knocking rails down and refusals A fall means elimination from the riding event.

Tully and her horse mid jump over an oxer

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